The checklist of british and irish ichneumonidae is revised, based in large part on the collections of the natural history museum, london and the national museums of scotland. Non technical summary members of the parasitic wasp families braconidae and ichneumonidae are almost exclusively parasitic on other insects, with the immature stages developing to maturity in or on their hosts and eventually killing them. The hymenopteran subfamily adeliinae braconidae station linne. The first section of the key separates out the two families of ichneumonoidea, ichneumonidae and braconidae. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. If you do not have access to these volumes then email me and i can send you a pdf of the terminology pages. Laile anterieure presente une petite cellule pentagonale appelee areole. This superfamily includes several thousand british species and their identification is difficult. Ichneumonoidea, based on multiple nuclear genes, and implications for classi. Ce sont avant tout des insectes entomophages, depuis longtemps utilises en lutte biologique par certains sylviculteurs 1. Article pdf available november 1990 with 94 reads how we measure reads. Eightynine replacement names for braconidae and ichneumonidae insecta. Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from wikipedia or other free sources online. During the last twenty years, more than 500 species of ichneumonidae were reported as new to the fauna of norway kopelke 1994, riedel and berg 1997, riedel et al.
Pdf new records of braconidae hymenoptera from iran. Pdf parasitoids hymenoptera of the families braconidae and ichneumonidae were collected, also was determinate their natural parasitism on fall. References the braconid and ichneumonid parasitoid wasps. Ichneumonidae, two primary neotropical parasitoids of the fall armyworm lepidoptera. Molecular phylogeny places the enigmatic subfamily. Gauld id 1980 an analysis of the classification of the ophion genusgroup ichneumonidae. Parasitic wasps braconidae ichneumonoidea, hymenoptera tur. The four major biological strategies of ichneumonoid parasitoids, koinobiont and idiobiont, ectoand endoparasitism, are discussed and the evolutionary radiations of the two families ichneumonidae and braconidae compared in an attempt to relate differences in patterns of host utilization to differences in evolutionary history.
Ichneumonidae hymenoptera species new to the fauna of norway. Illustrated key to the subfamilies of the holarctic. Braconidae as biological control agents of plutella xylostella lepidoptera. Parasitic wasp systematics, emphasizing braconidae. Adeliinae, braconidae, hymenoptera, parasitoid, leaf miners, morphology. Other braconid wasps found in apple orchards specialize on aphids. Identification key to the subfamilies of ichneumonidae. Afrotropical ophioninae hymenoptera, ichneumonidae. Given the size of each family in britain over 1,300 braconids and nearly 2,500 ichneumonids we are publishing the two checklists separately. In a previous study, we observed no spatial genetic structure in mexican populations of the parasitoids chelonus insularis cresson hymenoptera. Donald l j quicke the ichneumonoidea is a vast and important superfamily of parasitic wasps, with some 60,000 described species and estimated numbers far higher, especially for smallbodied tropical taxa. New species and host records of ichneumonidae and braconidae volume 21 issue 2 d. Many braconid wasps leave the host as mature larvae and spin silken cocoons in which to pupate. Ichneumonoids can generally be recognised by the wing venation costal cell of the leading.
Fra gli insetti e una delle famiglie piu ricche di specie. Pdf the types of braconidae and ichneumonidae hymenoptera. Pdf illustrated key to the subfamilies of the braconidae. Members of the parasitic wasp families braconidae and ichneumonidae are almost exclusively parasitic on other insects, with the immature stages developing to maturity in or on their hosts and eventually killing them.
The three braconid genera with the greatest number of species are bracon. Key to nocturnal genera of ichneumonoidea this key only works for largely testaceous ichneumonoids. Hymenoptera, braconidae emerged from larvae of lobesia botrana denis. Sharkey3 1department of entomology, university of manitoba, winnipeg, canada, 2department of entomology, university of arkansas. Species in the family ichneumonidae are separated from those in braconidae by having two, rather than one or zero recurrent veins. However, lineages of the braconidae have radiated to exploit adult insects and exoptrrygote nymphs. The first section of the key separates out the two families of ichneumonoidea, ichneumonidae and. Baur me, yeargan kv 1994a developmental stages and kairomones from the primary parasitoid cotesia marginiventris hymenoptera.
Ichnews 11, october 1988 national museum of natural history. After the closely related ichneumonidae, braconids make up the secondlargest family in the order hymenoptera, with about 17,000 recognized species and many thousands more undescribed. Therefor ie decided to extend a key prepared for the course. Natural parasitism of braconidae and ichneumonidae. One analysis estimated a total between 30,000 and 50,000, and another provided a narrower estimate between 42,000 and 43,000 species. In the current study, we investigated whether for these important parasitoids of the fall.
Due to the great diversity and difficulties in identification of many species in this group, our knowledge of the norwegian fauna remains insufficient. Keys for the identification of british and irish nocturnal. This insect family, which so famously stirred skeptic thoughts in charles darwin, is among the most speciesrich branches of the tree of life. Sep 01, 2010 in a previous study, we observed no spatial genetic structure in mexican populations of the parasitoids chelonus insularis cresson hymenoptera. Natural parasitism of braconidae and ichneumonidae hymenoptera on spodoptera frugiperda lepidoptera. Illustrated key to the subfamilies of the braconidae. Discovery of a fully winged female of masona from remote australia has enabled a reassessment of its relationships. Ichneumonidae hymenoptera parasitoids of lepidoptera. Braconidae and campoletis sonorensis cameron hymenoptera.
These are arguably the two largest families in the order hymenoptera. Beta diversity of four braconid subfamilies journal of hymenoptera. Others even live in the eggs of various pest insects. The ichneumonidae, also known as the ichneumon wasps or ichneumonids, is a parasitoid wasp family within the insect order hymenoptera. Ichneumonidae hymenoptera species new to the fauna of. Pdf natural parasitism of braconidae and ichneumonidae. Ichneumons are important internal parasitoids of other insects. Diversity and phenology of four braconidae subfamilies of yucatan, mexico.
Common hosts are larvae and pupae of coleoptera, hymenoptera, and lepidoptera. Ichneumonidae and microplitis plutellae hymenoptera. A caterpillar surrounded by multiple small cocoons is an obvious sign of parasitism by braconid wasps. Some are very small and rarely observed, attacking small insects such as aphids.
Braconidae affect the response of the hyperparasitoid mesochorus discitergus hymenoptera. Parasitoids hymenoptera of the families braconidae and ichneumonidae were collected, also was determinate their natural parasitism on fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda lepidoptera. One analysis estimated a total between 30,000 and 50,000, and anot. The ichneumonidae are the largest family within hymenoptera, and one of the largest among insects. Some are very small and rarely observed, attacking small insects such. Ichneumon, family ichneumonidae, any of a large and widely distributed insect group order hymenoptera of considerable economic importance.
The masoninae type genus masona van achterberg is a widespread but seldom collected group of morphologically aberrant tiny body length 2 mm or less wasps that have always been considered as a subfamily of braconidae, albeit on little supporting evidence. Identification key to the subfamilies of ichneumonidae hymenoptera gavin broad g. The oviposition behaviour of four ant parasitoids was observed and filmed for the first time. Braconidae, ichneumonidae the parasitic wasps, including the braconid and ichneumonid wasps, are a diverse group of wasps which develop as insect parasites. Some ichneumons are secondary parasites, also called hyperparasites, and thus attack parasitic larvae already established including those of braconidae, tachinidae, and other ichneumonidae. The ichneumonidae is one of two families of the superfamily ichneumonoidea, along with the braconidae. Evolutionary patterns of host utilization by ichneumonoid. This is the case in all ichneumonidae and many braconidae. Division into the two families braconidae and ichneumonidae is relatively straightforward as long as characters are observed carefully. Keys for the identification of genera and species of the subfamily aphidiinae which occur in greece as well as the observed parasitoid aphid relations on various host plants are presented. New species and host records of ichneumonidae and braconidae. Annals of the entomological society of america, 87, 954 61.
Pdf phylogeography of chelonus insularis hymenoptera. The movies are available from youtube search for elasmosoma, hybrizon, kollasmosoma and neoneurus. The need for a updaten d key to the subfamilie os f the braconidae fro thme holarctic regio ins obvious. Eventually the parasite will devour and kill the host, usually when the host prepares to pupate. Pdf this paper deals with the faunistic survey of braconidae hymenoptera. Ichneumonidae y ascogaster quadridentata hymenoptera. Checklist of british and irish hymenoptera ichneumonidae. Ichneumonidae from south america with description of. Fenologia dos braconidae hymenoptera, ichneumonoidea da. The name sometimes refers to any member of the superfamily ichneumonoidea, which includes the families stephanidae, braconidae, and ichneumonidae. At the same time, it is one of the groups for which our knowledge most severely lags behind their actual diversity. Females have a long ovipositor that is premanently extruded.
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